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Both types raise blood glucose, but their causes and treatments differ.
Type 1 Diabetes
An autoimmune disease destroying insulin-producing beta cells. Often starts in childhood or young adulthood with rapid symptoms — thirst, frequent urination, weight loss — and can present with diabetic ketoacidosis. Insulin is essential.
Type 2 Diabetes
About 90% of cases. Insulin resistance plus declining insulin secretion, strongly linked to genetics, obesity and inactivity. Often silent for years; treated with lifestyle change, medications and sometimes insulin. Largely preventable.
Distinguishing Them
Autoantibodies (GAD, IA-2) and C-peptide levels help classify diabetes. LADA is slowly progressive autoimmune diabetes in adults, and MODY is a monogenic form with a strong family history — correct classification guides treatment.
A national study co-authored by Dr. Demirci found higher COVID-19 mortality in type 1 than type 2 diabetes, highlighting their different risk profiles.
Frequently asked questions
Can type 2 turn into type 1?
No, but insulin production may decline over time in type 2 diabetes, sometimes requiring insulin.
Content on this website is for information only and does not replace a medical consultation.
